The territory and its controlled denominations of origin
Romagna is the land of Sangiovese wine. Sangiovese grapes are grown on over 70 per cent of the sub-regional wine-growing area, even though the only Docg label is the one of Albana di Romagna. Thanks to the composition of the local soil and the proximity of the sea, which contributes to a favourable climate the wines produced here show great qualities. The most famous grapewine is certainly Sangiovese, a vine from which great wines are obtained in Romagna, all guaranteed by the Doc Sangiovese di Romagna label. Another famous wine of this area is Albana, which also includes the Doc Romagna Albana Spumante label. And then there are the other Doc labels like Pagadebit, Trebbiano and Cagnina, as well as the four Doc labels of Colli di Faenza, Rimini, Imola and Romagna Centrale and the Doc Bosco Eliceo label, produced in the most southern part of the Po Delta area included between the provinces of Ferrara and Ravenna. Igt (Indicazione Geografica Tipica, typical geographic indication) and table wines are also worth mentioning since the experiments carried out on them have led to the rediscovery of some indigenous grapes like bursôn, uva longanesi, centesimino and ciliegiolo.
Albana di Romagna Docg
Albana di Romagna Docg is the Romagna’s wine par excellence, since it’s been traditionally and exclusively produced in this area. Produced in the dry, slightly sweet, sweet, partially dry, and riserva partially dry versions, it has been the first Italian white wine to be awarded, in 1987, the prestigious Docg mark. Obtained from the purity of the homonymous grapes, Albana di Romagna has a light golden straw-yellow colour, flowery and fruity aromas of good intensity, freshness on the palate and good structure.
Romagna Albana Spumante Doc
The Romagna Albana Spumante Doc is a sparking white wine obtained from the grapes of the homonymous vine. The grapes, perfectly intact and with the typical golden yellow colour, are partially dried and then left to ferment until a minimum alcoholic strength of 15°C is reached. This wine has a bright golden yellow colour and aromas of yeasts, honey, peach and sage. Good structure and delightful freshness.
Sangiovese di Romagna Doc
Sangiovese di Romagna Doc is the red wine typically associated with the land of Romagna. Obtained from the homonymous vine and its numerous biotypes and clones, it has been the first wine produced in Romagna to be awarded the Doc mark (D.P.R. dated 9th July 1967). At national level, sangiovese grapes, either alone or mixed with other grapes, are used in the production of other famous wines such as Brunello di Montalcino, Chianti and many others. In the last few years, the Sangiovese wine produced in Romagna has seen a visible and constant growth in terms of quality.
Trebbiano di Romagna Doc
Trebbiano di Romagna Doc, awarded the Doc label in 1973, is a white wine offering a good quality-price relation. It is not a wine with great complexity on nose and palate, nor with ageing or evolution properties. Still, acidity supports a delightful freshness and fragrance. Besides being used for Trebbiano wine production, it is also an excellent base for Metodo Charmat/Martinotti sparkling wines and for Vermounth and Brandy.
Pagadebit di Romagna Doc
The name “Pagadebit” (pay debts) derives from the good, constant and proverbial productivity of this vine, thanks to which farmers managed to make wine even in the most difficult years and, therefore, pay their debts. This wine, which was granted the Doc mark in 1988, has a light straw-yellow colour with greenish highlights, a flowery, fruity and slightly herbaceous bouquet on the nose, while the palate it is fresh and well-balanced. It should play a more important role because of its balanced structure and versatility that make it suitable on many different occasions.
Cagnina di Romagna Doc
Cagnina is obtained from “refosco terrano”, a red berry vine grown since very ancient times, imported from Dalmatia and from Istria during the Byzantine period. The wine produced has a purplish-red colour and evanescent foam. Its aroma is heady with clear hints of red fruit, strawberry, morel and raspberry. It is soft, sweet and with good intensity on the nose, with supple tannins. It is excellent if matched with the typical Romagnolo ciambella (cake). Being a short-lived wine, it can be consumed a week after its making. The Doc label was granted in 1988.
Colli d’Imola Doc
The production area of the Doc wine “Colli d'Imola”, ruled by the Decree 01/07/1997 - G.U. 07/07/1997 and successive modifications, includes seven municipalities in the area near Imola, in the province of Bologna. This is the area of the albana, sangiovese, pignoletto and trebbiano vines. However, the morphological characteristics of this denomination are broad and heterogeneous, as it does not only include traditional and historic vines, but also imported vines such as chardonnay, barbera and cabernet sauvignon, which allow to obtain extremely interesting wines.
Colli di Faenza Doc
The Doc wine “Colli di Faenza” (Decree 04/08/1997 - G.U. 02/09/1997) was granted in order to enhance the value of some hilly areas particularly suited for vine growing, with vineyards at 50 to 350 metres a.s.l., ideal soil, climate and exposure conditions for high-quality productions. Here some expert wine-growers replanted vineyards following appropriate techniques and planting some international vines, such as chardonnay, sauvignon, white pinot, merlot, cabernet sauvignon and shirah next to the traditional vines (trebbiano, albana and sangiovese).
Colli Romagna Centrale Doc
The Doc wine ‘Colli Romagna Centrale’ was the latest wine to be granted this label by the Decree 29/09/2001 (G.U. 19/10/2001). Its production area includes 17 municipalities in the province of Forlì-Cesena. Among the vines traditionally grown, the most significant ones are still sangiovese and trebbiano, together with albana, as well as refosco terrano and bombino bianco, producing Cagnina and Pagadebit di Romagna Doc. Among the innovative vines that have become most deeply rooted are the chardonnay, cabernet-sauvignon merlot.
Colli di Rimini Doc
The production area of the Doc wine ‘Colli di Rimini’, established by the Decree 19/11/1996 (G.U. 29/11/1996), comprises the entire provincial territory located north of the main road 16, with 19 municipalities, to the exclusion of Bellaria-Igea Marina. In this wine denomination we find white grapes such as trebbiano, but also biancame, which in a recent past used to be the main vine grown in the inland of Rimini, as well as pignoletto (the wine produced from it is called Rebola). Sangiovese in also present, as well as cabernet sauvignon, of more recent introduction.
Bosco Eliceo Doc
Romagna is the most southern part of Bosco Eliceo Doc production area, established in 1989 and extending from Ferrara’s lagoon areas up to the municipalities of Ravenna and Cervia. This area is seeing the revival of the socalled “sand wines”, obtained from vines grown in sandy and salty soils. From sauvignon to white wine, from merlot to fontana, these wines are fresh and fruity, must be consumed within the year, and are the ideal match of sardines and grilled or marinated eel dishes.
Igt Wines
The production of Igt wines (Typical geographical indication) is regulated by the Law no. 164 dated 10th February 1992. The Igts recognized in Italy are presently 117. By the Decree 18/11/1995 - G.U. 06/12/1995 the following Igts were recognized in Romagna: Forli, Ravenna, Rubicone and Sillaro (or Bianco del Sillaro). The Igts identify large wine-growing areas characterized by uniform environmental conditions, which are responsible for the homogeneous characteristics of the wine produced.